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Sluggish schizophrenia or slow progressive schizophrenia ((ロシア語:вялотеку́щая шизофрени́я), ''vyalotekushchaya shizofreniya'') is a diagnostic category that describes a form of schizophrenia characterized by a slowly progressive course; it can be diagnosed even in a patient who shows no symptoms of schizophrenia or other psychosis, on the assumption that these symptoms will appear later. It was developed in the 1960s by Soviet psychiatrist Andrei Snezhnevsky and his colleagues, and was used exclusively in the USSR and several Eastern Bloc countries, until the fall of Communism starting in 1989.〔; ; ; ; ; 〕 It has never been used or recognized in Western countries, or by international organizations such as the World Health Organization. It is considered a prime example of the political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union. Sluggish schizophrenia was the most infamous of diagnoses used by Soviet psychiatrists, due to its usage against political dissidents. After being discharged from a hospital, persons diagnosed with sluggish schizophrenia were deprived of their civic rights, employability, and credibility. The usage of this diagnosis has been internationally condemned. In the Russian version of the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10), which has long been used throughout present-day Russia, sluggish schizophrenia is no longer listed as a form of schizophrenia, but it is still included as a schizotypal disorder in section F21 of chapter V. According to Sergei Jargin, the same Russian term "vyalotekushchaya" for sluggish schizophrenia continues to be used and is now translated in English summaries of articles not as "sluggish" but as "slow progressive." ==Development of theory== In the 1960s, professor Andrei Snezhnevsky, the most prominent theorist of Soviet psychiatry and director of the Institute of Psychiatry of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, developed a novel classification of mental disorders postulating an original set of diagnostic criteria. Snezhnevsky and his colleagues who developed the concept were supported by Soviet psychiatrists Fedor Kondratev, Sergei Semyonov, and Yakov Frumkin. All were members of the "Moscow school" of psychiatry. A majority of experts believe that the concept was developed under instructions from the Soviet secret service KGB and the Communist Party. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「sluggish schizophrenia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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